Neil Johnson - Simply Complexity

 

Neil Johnson - Simply Complexity: A Clear Guide to Complexity Theory 

4 ⭐

Genre: Non-Fiction, Science, Academia, Research, Physics, Nature, Environment

Pages: 256

Format: Paperback

Publisher:  OneWorld Publications

Date Published: 1st October 2009

 

Book Blurb: 

What do traffic jams, stock market crashes, and wars have in common? They are all explained using complexity, an unsolved puzzle that many researchers believe is the key to predicting – and ultimately solving—everything from terrorist attacks and pandemic viruses right down to rush hour traffic congestion.

Complexity is considered by many to be the single most important scientific development since general relativity and it promises to make sense of no less than the very heart of the Universe. Using it, scientists can find order emerging from seemingly random interactions of all kinds, from something as simple as flipping coins through to more challenging problems such as the patterns in modern jazz, the growth of cancer tumours, and predicting shopping habits.

My Review: 

As someone who didn’t know anything about Complexity and Complexity Theory before, yet needed to learn about it for a PhD project, this book is fantastic. It is very accessible and easy to understand. It doesn’t use any of the overcomplicated scientific jargon and explains very complex ideas in an easily understandable way with some great real-life examples. Yes, this book was also written a while ago, but the examples that the author uses are still very much relevant today.

The book itself explains the idea behind Complexity and Complexity Theory, its evolution and where it all is today, as well as what needs to be done to take this idea even further and make it a part of scientific research and academia. It looks how Complexity covers a wide range of subjects and disciplines, from anthropology, and economics, to, geography, physics and maths.

Overall: Very accessible and exciting book, with no complicated language and no scientific jargon. Examples are also given to consolidate the understanding and to provide a bigger picture of the Complexity around us. It definitely gave me ideas and was one of the only Complexity books that didn’t include a lot of complex explanations and maths that I would never be able to understand. 

About the Author:

Neil Johnson is the head of a new inter-disciplinary research group in Complexity at University of Miami in Florida. Previously he was Professor of Physics and co-director of research collaboration into Complexity at Oxford University.

https://www.simonandschuster.co.uk/books/Simply-Complexity/Neil-Johnson/9781780740492

Ilan Kelman - Disaster By Choice

 

Ilan Kelman - Disaster By Choice: How Our Actions Turn Natural Hazards into Catastrophes 

4 ⭐

Genre: Non-Fiction, Environmental Studies, Academia

Pages: 352

Format: Hardback

Publisher:  Oxford University Press

Date Published: 1st May 2020

 

Book Blurb: 

An earthquake shatters Haiti and a hurricane slices through Texas. We hear that nature runs rampant, seeking to destroy us through these 'natural disasters'. Science recounts a different story, however: disasters are not the consequence of natural causes; they are the consequence of human choices and decisions. we put ourselves in harm's way; we fail to take measures which we know would prevent disasters, no matter what the environment does.

This can be both hard to accept, and hard to unravel. A complex of factors shape disasters. They arise from the political processes dictating where and what we build, and from social circumstances which create and perpetuate poverty and discrimination. They develop from the social preference to blame nature for the damage wrought, when in fact events such as earthquakes and storms are entirely commonplace environmental processes We feel the need to fight natural forces, to reclaim what we assume is ours, and to protect ourselves from what we perceive to be wrath from outside our communities. This attitude distracts us from the real causes of disasters: humanity's decisions, as societies and as individuals. It stops us accepting the real solutions to disasters: making better decisions.

This book explores stories of some of our worst disasters to show how we can and should act to stop people dying when nature unleashes its energies. The disaster is not the tornado, the volcanic eruption, or climate change, but the deaths and injuries, the loss of irreplaceable property, and the lack and even denial of support to affected people, so that a short-term interruption becomes a long-term recovery nightmare. But we can combat this, as Kelman shows, describing inspiring examples of effective human action that limits damage, such as managing flooding in Toronto and villages in Bangladesh, or wildfire in Colorado.

Throughout, his message is clear: there is no such thing as a natural disaster. The disaster lies in our inability to deal with the environment and with ourselves.

My Review: 

I think for those who are interested in different geological and geophysical hazards and want to learn more, this book perfectly summarises it all. It uses very simple and non-scientific language to explain why disasters are not natural and show real-life examples. For me, this book lacked more depth, but that said, I have a degree in geological hazards and read quite a lot about it all. Yet, if you are a beginner and want to learn more, then I cannot recommend this book enough.

Ilan Kelman touches on reasons why people are vulnerable to hazards and how it runs much deeper than just our infrastructure and households. He looks into our history, cultures, traditions, colonialism, economy and different social factors that all make us vulnerable in one way or another. The author also discusses why hazards are natural but disasters that they create are not. Resilience on societal and community levels is also touched upon.

I really enjoyed the case studies in this book, as they gave all the technical and theoretical visual/real-life explanations and examples. I just wish this book gave more examples and case studies, to show different ends of the spectrum.

Overall: Very accessible and easy-to-read book, that uses very simple and non-academic language to explain the reality of disasters and hazards that our society face. I recommend this book to someone who is a beginner and wants to learn more about hazards and disasters. 

About the Author:

Ilan Kelman, Professor of Disasters and Health, University College London, and Professor II, University of Agder Ilan Kelman is Professor of Disasters and Health at University College London, England and a Professor II at the University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway. His overall research interest is linking disasters and health, including the integration of climate change into disaster research and health research.

https://www.ucl.ac.uk/risk-disaster-reduction/people/dr-ilan-kelman

Bill Gates - How To Avoid A Climate Disaster

Bill Gates - How To Avoid A Climate Disaster 

4⭐

Genre: Environmental Studies, Non-Fiction, Geography, Climate Change, Academia, Education

Pages: 272

Format: Paperback 

Publisher: Penguin Press UK, Allen Lane Books

Date Published: 16th February 2021

Huge thank you to NetGalley and Penguin Press UK for an e-copy to read and review. 

Book Blurb: 

Bill Gates shares what he's learned in more than a decade of studying climate change and investing in innovations to address the problems, and sets out a vision for how the world can build the tools it needs to get to zero greenhouse gas emissions.

Bill Gates explains why he cares so deeply about climate change and what makes him optimistic that the world can prevent the worst impacts of the climate crisis. Gates says, "we can work on a local, national, and global level to build the technologies, businesses, and industries to avoid the worst impacts of climate change." His interest in climate change is a natural outgrowth of the efforts by his foundation to reduce poverty and disease. Climate change, according to Gates, will have the biggest impact on the people who have done the least to cause it. As a technologist, he has seen first-hand how innovation can change the world. By investing in research, inventing new technologies, and deploying them quickly at large scale, Gates believes climate change can be addressed in meaningful ways. According to Gates, "to prevent the worst effects of climate change, we have to get to net-zero emissions of greenhouse gases. This problem is urgent, and the debate is complex, but I believe we can come together to invent new carbon-zero technologies, deploy the ones we have, and ultimately avoid a climate catastrophe."

My Review: 

How to Avoid a Climate Disaster reads very quickly and well, as well as covers a lot of basics of Climate Change, greenhouse gases, causes of greenhouse gases/ Climate Change, production and consumption, so it is a great book if you are a newbie and don’t know much about ins and outs of Climate Change, but want to learn more or just want a quick yet reliable summary.

The book is basically divided into two parts. The first part is all about setting the scene and explaining what is Climate Change, why it is a problem, how this all came about and summarising all the facts and figures about the problem we as a society currently face. The second part is all about solutions to Climate Change, including innovations, changes in policies, governments' attitudes, as well as binding agreements between the countries. Gates in the second part of the book doesn’t shy away from portraying future possibilities if we don’t do anything about Climate Change, but he also discusses and displays what changes need to be made in different parts of our economies, industries and societies to achieve zero carbon and to reduce Climate Change impacts on communities and humans significantly. 

This book was very interesting and covered quite a lot of solutions to fight climate change that isn’t usually covered by mainstream media and news. Also, Gates talks about different start-up companies, highlighting their innovations in tackling climate change, which gives a glimpse of hope that not everything is lost and we can make changes needed to restore our environment. He also makes a strong point that we need to move towards cleaner energy as soon as possible, but in order to do that we need to invest more in those industries and change our opinions on low-carbon and renewable energy into more positive ones.

Unlike in many other Climate Change books, Gates only slightly touches on individual action regarding Climate Change issues. He mainly concentrates on what different industries and governments can do to reduce their reliance on fossils, reduce consumption, change materials into more sustainable ones, etc. I really enjoyed this take on Climate Change, as there aren’t a lot of books that look at the issues regarding Climate Change from this particular viewpoint.

I also liked that Gates displayed how much Climate Change is affecting and will affect more of our everyday life and how it, directly and indirectly, links to nearly every challenge societies across the world currently face.

Overall: Verry well written, easily understood, with complex processes explained in great depth and ease. The perfect book for someone who wants to learn more about Climate Change, but doesn’t know where to start, as this book summarises everything you need to know about it in one place and without complex scientific language, which is at times hard to grasp. Additionally, relevant and simple graphs, pictures and diagrams allow information to be better digested, especially as the complex numbers and graphs that are usually associated with production and consumption are very well explained to the reader. This book also offers a glimpse of hope by diving into new innovations and technologies in tackling different issues that are arising due to Climate Change. 

I honestly didn’t think I will enjoy this book as much as I did!

This review was first published on NetGalley: 

https://www.netgalley.co.uk/book/208120/review/959200

About the Author:

Bill Gates is a technologist, business leader, and philanthropist. In 1975, he co-founded Microsoft with his childhood friend Paul Allen; today he and his wife, Melinda, are co-chairs of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. He also launched Breakthrough Energy, an effort to commercialize clean energy and other climate-related technologies. He and Melinda have three children and live in Medina, Washington.

https://www.gatesnotes.com/

Eric Archambeau - Costing the Earth

Eric Archambeau - Costing the Earth (How to Fix Finance to Save the Planet) 

5⭐

Genre: Non-Fiction, Climate Change, Environmental Studies, Geography, Academia, Education, Politics, STEM, Society

Pages:  224

Format: Paperback 

Publisher: Whitefox Publishing

Date Published: 1st August 2022

Huge thank you to The Book Publicist for sending me a copy of this book to read and review. 

Book Blurb: 

In Costing the Earth, leading impact investor Eric Archambeau argues that rather than making media-friendly pledges and grasping low-hanging fruit (such as aviation taxes), world leaders must radically overhaul finance instead.

Only by aligning investment decisions with the UN's 17 Sustainable Development Goals, and ensuring that industrial and services companies measure and incorporate in their P&L statements the full environmental and social costs of their operations - costs that are currently passed on to taxpayers or absorbed by Nature - will we stand a chance of achieving the breakthroughs we need.

Zeroing in on the agri-food sector, one of the largest contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption and biodiversity loss, Archambeau dissects the many hidden problems caused by our current financial system.

As the stakes continue to rise and the window for action narrows, Costing the Earth makes the case that the only viable and sustainable way to achieve net-zero is to adopt the model pioneered by impact investors, which takes the three Ps - profit, people and the planet - into account when valuing a company or tracking its performance. Only then will business leaders all over the world be incentivized to place sustainability and the regeneration of the planet's resources at the heart of their operations and decision-making.

My Review: 

I was so excited about this book! Mainly because I love reading about the environment, especially climate change and ways to tackle it, and the fact that as a geographer I can’t stay away from books about the environment. This book, however, met all of my expectations and more! 

In each chapter, Archambeau presented cases on what is wrong in our current ways of production, consumption and environmental degradation/protection. Then he explained how we can change that if we looked at the environment, production, economy and consumption in a more holistic way, especially how we can change business and our day-to-day economic processes, such as financial statements, cost calculations, life cycle assessments, etc, to move towards more sustainable future. He also presents tools which companies can use to calculate the true cost of our products, including the real environmental cost that is usually left out from our product cost and the company’s financial statements. Lastly, in each chapter, Archambeau presents companies or start-up initiatives that are working towards changing the status quo of how businesses operate and finance themselves, as well as displays how those companies take strong steps towards tackling issues associated with climate change, such as poverty, hunger, agricultural processes, deforestation, greenhouse gases, to name a few. 

I learned so much from this book, especially about some of the start-up companies in the environmental sector and technology that I haven’t heard about before, that are doing amazing innovative work towards sustainability and tackling climate change. I also learned so much about the financial processes of the past that we as a society are very reluctant to change to protect our environment. 

The author’s arguments are very well researched and backed up, displaying that we need a very radical change in investing, running of companies, financing and economy to be able to work towards saving our Earth. 

I liked how the author talks about the importance of technology and machine learning, especially working together and not against technology to come up with innovative ideas and projects to save our environment and its resources for future generations. 

This is one of the few books that I have read about this topic that takes this holistic view of our environment, anthropogenic processes and economy and explores how they are all interconnected. This book shows that we need to do much more to tackle climate change and that what we are doing now is not enough. It is never going to be enough unless we are changing our old ways of doing things, such as production, investing, and financing. 

Overall: This book is a must-read for everyone interested in protecting our environment, who want to make a change, who cares about sustainability and the future of our environment and of course those who are interested in finding real solutions to tackle climate change and associated issues. This book is such an important read looking at all of the issues that we as a society are facing from a very holistic viewpoint. 

About the Author:

Eric Archambeau is an engineer, former Silicon Valley entrepreneur, venture capitalist and the co-founder of Astanor Ventures, an impact-led venture capital firm focusing on technology-enabled start-up companies in the regenerative agriculture and sustainable food sectors, with investments in companies such as Apeel Sciences, Empirical Spirit, Infarm, Modern Meadow, Monarch Tractors, Plantible, Smallhold and Ynsect.

Before Astanor, Eric was a business angel, venture capital investor, member of the board of directors and mentor to many founders of disruptive technology companies across the US, the UK and the EU, including, among others, eGroups (Yahoo groups), Flutter Entertainment PLC, PriceMinister (now Rakuten), XING, Spotify, Threads Styling, Freenow, Onfido, Peakon and Pirate Studios.

Over the past two decades, he has also worked as an investor and mentor with social entrepreneurs, addressing key social and environmental challenges, including Maven Clinic, a digital health clinic for women, in New York, and DASRA-Social Impact, a social impact accelerator in Mumbai. Eric was an early supporter of the social entrepreneurship network Ashoka in Europe, and a founding member of the Ashoka Support Network. Eric has also lectured at INSEAD, where he founded the social entrepreneurship programme, and served as Global Chairman of the Jamie Oliver Food Foundation, providing food education for children across the world.